M2 with the help of lymphocyte secrete growth factors, such as fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2), transforming growth factor β (TGF-β), and chemokine ligand-18 (CCL-18). The inhibition of NF-κB makes the polarization of anti-inflammatory macrophage (M2) more dominant compared with the pro-inflammatory macrophage (M1). RH-LS contains phenolic compounds, such as guaiacol, 2,6-dimethoxyphenols, phenol, and 4-ethyl-2-methoxyphenol (2-EMP) have antioxidant effect which bind to reactive oxygen species (ROS), inhibit the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and inhibit the activation of nuclear factor kappa β (NF-κB). Postharvesting rice process produces 20% rice hull as its byproduct,Īnd rice hull can be processed through pyrolysis to become rice hull liquid smoke (RH-LS). Is the staple food for people all around the world, especially in Asia including Indonesia. The degradation of lignin generates phenolic compounds that have several beneficial effects in wound healing including traumatic ulcer. Liquid smoke compositions are obtained from the degradation of wood components through pyrolysis. The carbonization of wood at high temperature and without oxygen produces liquid smoke, then the smoke is condensed at a room temperature, and this whole of this process is called pyrolysis. That is why an alternative treatment is needed. The current topical treatment of traumatic ulcers, such as benzydamine hydrochloride in some special cases like in the diabetic condition, does not promote healing Ulcer is characterized by loss of the epithelium, causing a chief complaint of pain. The prevalence of traumatic ulcers varies around 3 to 24% worldwide. Traumatic ulcer is a common lesion in the oral cavity, around 83.6% of people have ever experienced it. The RH-LS able to accelerated the traumatic ulcer healing by increasing the number of lymphocytes, macrophages, fibroblasts, IL-6, and TGF-β expression. The IL-6 expression was higher only in the 5-day treatment, and the TGF-β expression was higher in the 3- and 7-day treatment. The lymphocytes, macrophages, and fibroblasts were higher in the RH-LS group for 3-, 5-, and 7-day treatment ( The IL-6 and TGF-β expressions were analyzed used immunohistochemistry staining. After treatment, animal was terminated and their labial fornix incisive inferior tissues were biopsy and stained using hematoxylin and eosin staining to determine lymphocytes, macrophages, and fibroblasts. In control group, traumatic ulcers were treated using sterile water, and meanwhile in experimental group were treated using RH-LS once a day for 3, 5, and 7 days. Traumatic ulcers were made 10 mm along the labial fornix incisive inferior of Wistar rat using a round stainless-steel blade. The RH-LS was obtained from the pyrolysis process. Her most memorable turn on the big screen came from the movie brought to you by the hilarious SNL sketch of club doofuses grinding on ladies, A Night at the Roxbury (1998), where she tried to social climb with the wrong brothers, played by Will Ferrell and Chris Kattan.The aim of this study was to prove the role of rice hull liquid smoke (RH-LS) on lymphocytes, macrophages, fibroblasts, interleukin 6 (IL-6), and transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) expression during traumatic ulcer healing. Write (1994), and a starring role in A Gift From Heaven (1994), but she became a household name when she played the bombshell love interest on The John Larroquette Show from 1993-1996. She also had some good sized roles in star studded flicks like Deadfall (1993), Mr. Her big break came on the short lived TV version of the popular movie of the same name, Harry and The Hendersons in 1991, where she took on the role of Samantha Glick for an impressive 23 episodes. It wasn’t long before this buxom blonde was getting cast on some of the early 90s biggest series like Columbo, Coach, and Quantum Leap. This gorgeous blonde who has been in showbiz for three whole decades now certainly puts the OH in her home state of Ohio! Gigi Rice (originally Georgeanne Rice) was born in 1965 is Columbus, Ohio and like a true buckeye, even graduated from the theater program at THE Ohio State University before moving out to Los Angeles to strike it in Hollywood.
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